Internetwork IP addressing and Subnetting

· IP addresses are written using decimal numbers separated by decimal points. This is called dotted decimal notation of expressing IP addresses.

Class Format Leading Bit pattern Network address Range Maximum networks Maximum hosts/ nodes.

A---- Node.Host.Host.Host 0 0-126 127 16,777,214
B---- Node.Node.Host.Host 10 128-191 16,384 65,534
C---- Node.Node.Node.Host 110 192 -223 2,097,152 254

o Network address of all 0s means "This network or segment".

o Network address of all 1s means "all networks", same as hexadecimal of all Fs.

o Network number 127 is reserved for loop-back tests.

o Host (Node) address of all 0s means "This Host (Node)".

o Host (Node) address of all 1s means "all Hosts (Nodes)" on the specified network.

· The range of numbers from 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255 is used for multicast packets. This is known as Class D address range.

· Subnetting is nothing but creating networks within a network. Subnetting allows an organization with a single IP address (Class A /Class B /Class C) to have multiple subnetworks, thus allowing several physical networks within the organization.

· 127.0.0.1 Is the local loop back address.

· In an internetwork, the number of distinct IPs' required are

o One each per client computer

o One each per server computer

o One each per router interface

Your network has 2 servers, 26 client’s machines, and 2 router interfaces the total number of IP addresses required are 30.