BASIC COMMANDS IN LINUX

1.ls -l for listing the files as well as directories those are kept in
the particular working directory
syntax
[root@nettech root]#ls -l

2.ls -la same as 'ls -l'but by this command we can also see the hiden
files.
syntax
[root@nettech root]#ls -la

3.ls -li same as 'ls -la' but it will also shows us the inode number of
each and every file
syntax
[root@nettech root]#ls -li

4.ls by this command we can see only file name nothing else
syntax
[root@nettech root]#ls

5.clear it will clear the screen(short cut ctl+l)
syntax
[root@nettech root]#clear

6.exit to end a current session as well current terminal logging
syntax
[root@nettech root]exit

7.touch to create a new empty file
syntax
[root@nettech root]#touch

8.cd to change the working/present directory
syntax
[root@nettech root]#cd /home/mango
where '/home/mango' is the desired directory to be change from
'/root'

9.cat to view the contents of a file and it is also used for creating a
new file with some contents
syntax
[root@nettech root]#cat to view file contents
[root@nettech root]#cat > newfilename enter,then you can write something in
the file and then to save the file contents press clt+d then enter

10.mkdir to make a new directory
syntax
[root@nettech root]#mkdir newdirname
you can also create a directory at your desired path without
changing your present working directory
syntax
[root@nettech root]#mkdir /home/mango/newdirname

11.rm to remove a empty file
syntax
[root@nettech root]#rm filename

12.rmdir to remove a empty directory
syntax
[root@nettech root]#rmdir directoryname

13.rm [-i/-r/-f] to remove a directory with its subdirectories as well as its
files that is to remove a directory which already contains some files in it
syntax
[root@nettech root]#rm -i directory/filename
-i stands for interactively
-r stands for recursively
-f stands for forcefully

14.cp to copy something in a destination file or directory
syntax
[root@nettech root]#cp sourcepath destinationpath
example: [root@nettech root]#cp /home/mango/webmin.rpm /root/abcd
in this example the webmin.rpm file will be copied in
/root/abcd directory

15.mv to move one file or directory from one place to another place, it
is also used for renaming adirectory or file
syntax
[root@nettech root]#mv source destination
[root@nettech root]#mv oldfilename newfilename [to change the file name]

16.man to view the mannual page of commands for syntax
syntax
[root@nettech root]#man commandname

17.info to view the information about any command
syntax
[root@nettech root]#mkdir info

18.--help to view the help doccuments of a command
syntax
[root@nettech root]#commandname --help

19.dir to view the subdirectories and filesn under the directory
syntax
[root@nettech root]#dir

20.su - to become a super user
syntax
[mango@nettech mango]$su -
output wil be
[root@nettech root#]

21.who by this command you can see the user name and their ip addresses
who have loged in on your server
syntax
[root@nettech root]#who

22.whoami this command shows your current logged in terminal user name
syntax
[root@nettech root]#whoami

23.who am i this command shows you the logged in terminal number and user
name and more detailed information
syntax
[root@nettech root]#who am i

24.pwd to view the present working directory
syntax
[root@nettech root]#pwd

25.rpm -ivh to intall a rpm package
syntax
[root@nettech root]#rpm -ivh packagename.rpm
rpm stands for 'redhat package manager'
-i stands for install
-v stands for verbose mode
-h stands for with hash sign(#)